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            <text>Hunan Flower Drum Opera originated from folk songs and gradually developed into a primary form of flower drum opera once a clown sang.&#13;
The Liuyang County Record published in 1818 (the 23rd year of the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty), when talking about the local Lantern Festival Dragon Lantern Playing situation, said: "And the children dressed as clowns and sang in the theatre, with the golden drums clamouring, since the early days to the end of the night". This means that once a clown sings the flower drum opera - the ground flower drum, at the latest in the Qing Jiaqing period has been formed.&#13;
According to Yang Enshou's "Tan Yuan Diary" in 1862 (the first year of the Tongzhi reign), Yang Enshou watched "Flower Drum Words" (i.e. Flower Drum Opera) in Yongxing, Hunan Province, there were already four roles of the scholar, the scholar boy, Liu Ying, Liu Ying maidservant and the plots and performances were all more vivid, which means that the Flower Drum Opera at this time not only had developed into the "Three Little" (Little Dan), but also the "Three Little" (Little Dan), which is the most important role in the opera. Three Little" (Little Dan, Little Clown, Little Sheng) theatre, and the form of performance also has a certain scale.</text>
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              <text>Hunan Flower Drum Opera </text>
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              <text>ll237@st-andrews.ac.uk</text>
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              <text>origin,28.2282,112.9388;</text>
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              <text>Hunan Flower Drum Opera originated from folk songs and gradually developed into the primary form of Flower Drum Opera once it was sung by a clown. The performances are simple, bright and lively, with the clowns, small dancers, and small scholars being the most distinctive performances. Hunan Flower Drum Opera, with its walking and gongs and drums, originates from the folk songs of southern Hunan and is accompanied by small suona and gongs and drums, which are lively, light-hearted and suitable for song and dance operas, and is one of the main singing voices of all schools in southern Hunan. It is one of the main singing styles in southern Hunan. It contains the unique artistic expressions of each place and absorbs the essence of various folk arts, making it a treasure of local traditional culture.</text>
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              <text>04/05/2024</text>
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