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<dc:title>Basque Language</dc:title>
<dc:subject>Intangible Heritage</dc:subject>
<dc:description>Basque is hypothesized to be a very ancient European language [A]. This is because it does not appear to have linguistic links to other languages of Indo-European heritage or any in the world for that matter [A-B]. It faced major suppression during the Spanish dictatorship in the 20th century [C]. Thankfully, today the Spanish government acknowledges Basque as an official language of the country [D]. It is important to note that Basque is also spoken in a neighboring region in France [E]. Basque has been shown to be a source of discrimination in the past, therefore protecting this heritage is important for the goal of reduced inequalities, sustainable development goal number 10 [F].</dc:description>
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<dc:date submitted>31/03/2025</dc:date submitted>
<dc:references>[A] Anna Bitong, ‘The revival of Europe’s oldest language’, BBC, Digital Newspaper Article, 25 February 2022, &lt; https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20170719-the-mysterious-origins-of-europes-oldest-language&gt; [accessed 17 February 2025].   [B] Jay H. Jasanoff &amp; Warren Cowgill, ‘Franz Bopp’, Encyclopeadia Britannica, Internet Encyclopedia, 12 February 2025, &lt; https://www.britannica.com/topic/Indo-European-languages/Establishment-of-the-family&gt; [accessed 17 February 2025]. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Franz Bopp’, Encyclopeadia Britannica, Internet Encyclopedia, 19 October 2024, &lt; https://www.britannica.com/biography/Franz-Bopp&gt; [accessed 17 February 2025].      [C] Aitzol Altuna Enzunza, ‘Las leyes contra el euskera y el catalán’, Nabarralde, Blog, 6 February 2023 &lt;  https://nabarralde.eus/las-leyes-contra-el-euskera-y-el-catalan/&gt;, [accessed 17 February 2025]. ElDiarioand,  ‘Moreno afirma que Catalunya y Euskadi fueron “privilegiados por el franquismo” y pide a diputados del PSOE a  votar a Feijóo', elDiario.es, Digital Newspaper Article, 22 September 2023, &lt;https://www.eldiario.es/andalucia/moreno-afirma-catalunya-euskadi-privilegiados-franquismo-pide-diputados-psoe-votar-feijoo_1_10535906.html&gt;, [accessed 17 February 2025].   [D] ‘Lenguas Oficiales en España’, Ministerio de Política Territorial y Memoría Democrática, Official Government Website, (undated), &lt; https://mpt.gob.es/portal/politica-territorial/autonomica/Lenguas-cooficiales.html&gt; [accessed 17 February 2025].   [E] ‘País Vasco’, Instituto cultural vasco, Website, (undated), &lt; https://www.eke.eus/es/cultura-vasca/pais-vasco&gt;   [F] ‘Goal 10’, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Website, (undated), &lt;https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal10#targets_and_indicators&gt;, [accessed 17 February 2025].</dc:references>
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