3D Visualisation of planned Poets Neuk Garden.
In 2018, we collaborated with Bill Borthwick from the St Andrews Preservation Trust on a virtual representation of Poets’ Neuk, Mary Queen of Scots Memorial Garden, an abandoned plot on the corner of St Mary's Place and Greyfriars Garden in St Andrews. A Community Body known as Poets' Neuk had Scottish Government approval to register an interest under the Community Right to Buy legislation, and 3D visuals were needed to support their proposal.
The ancient city of Pompeii, located in modern-day Italy, is one of the most significant archaeological sites in the world. It was buried under volcanic ash during Mount Vesuvius' eruption in 79 AD, preserving buildings, artifacts and human remains in exceptional detail. This unique preservation provides an invaluable glimpse into ancient Roman life. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Pompeii continues to be a key resource for historians and archaeologists, offering insights into Roman architecture, urban planning and society. Pompeii has embraced digital technologies to enhance its conservation and visitor experience. 3D scanning and photogrammetry have been used to digitally map the city's ruins, allowing for precise documentation and virtual reconstructions (Monego et al., 2019). Additionally, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) allow remote visitors to experience Pompeii as it was before the eruption, reconstructing streets, villas and public spaces based on historical evidence (MagnenatThalmann et al., 2007). These digital innovations enhance both academic research and public engagement, ensuring that Pompeii’s history remains accessible to future generations.
Built in 25 B.C., this monument was the main entrance to the city of Augusta Praetoria in modern-day Aosta. It has three openings, one for carriages and two for pedestrians. astern façade still has some of the marble slabs which originally covered the entire structure. Originally, there were four entrances to the town, but Porta Praetoria is the only one fully preserved. This promotes SDG 4: quality education. It serves as an educational resource for those studying Roman architecture and history. However, detail about Porta Praetoria on the internet is somewhat sparse, and those who want to explore the monument have to either travel to Aosta or stick to viewing 2D images. By using photographs to create a 3D model of the monument, we could let people explore the heritage from classrooms across the world and view it from multiple angles, promoting SDG:4 further.
Former police station on Joffre Street. Former French concession.
Poster for exhibit 2019. St Andrews Photography Festival.
The Potala Palace, winter palace of the Dalai Lama since the 7th century, symbolizes Tibetan Buddhism and its central role in the traditional administration of Tibet. The complex, comprising the White and Red Palaces with their ancillary buildings, is built on Red Mountain in the centre of Lhasa Valley, at an altitude of 3,700m. Also founded in the 7th century, the Jokhang Temple Monastery is an exceptional Buddhist religious complex. Norbulingka, the Dalai Lama's former summer palace, constructed in the 18th century, is a masterpiece of Tibetan art. The beauty and originality of the architecture of these three sites, their rich ornamentation and harmonious integration in a striking landscape, add to their historic and religious interest.
The Potala Palace, an awe-inspiring architectural marvel, is situated on the Red Hill in Lhasa, the capital city of Tibet. With its majestic white and red facades, this UNESCO World Heritage Site dominates the skyline, emanating a sense of grandeur and spiritual significance. Built in the 7th century under the reign of King Songtsen Gampo, the palace was expanded during the 17th century by the Fifth Dalai Lama, transforming it into the winter residence for successive Dalai Lamas. Spanning over 13 hectares, the palace comprises two main sections, the White Palace (Potrang Karpo) and the Red Palace (Potrang Marpo), which are connected by a central courtyard. The White Palace houses the living quarters, offices, and ceremonial halls for the Dalai Lamas, while the Red Palace is dedicated to religious functions, comprising of sacred shrines, chapels, and tombs of the previous Dalai Lamas. A remarkable feature of Potala Palace is its harmonious blend of traditional Tibetan architecture and design, combined with influences from Chinese and Indian styles. The complex stands 13 stories high with more than 1,000 rooms, adorned with intricate murals, exquisite carvings, and priceless artifacts, reflecting the rich Tibetan culture and history. The palace, once the center of Tibetan government and Buddhism, is now a renowned museum and an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists from around the world. Visitors are left in awe by its magnificence, the sacred ambiance, and the breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and Lhasa city from its lofty perch.
Located in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region of China, the Potala Palace is a palace complex of great historical, religious and cultural value. It was built in the 7th century A.D. and has been expanded over the years to become the winter palace of the Tibetan king and an important centre of Buddhism in Tibet. The Potala Palace is not only the most famous landmark and tourist attraction in Tibet, but also an important place for religious activities. As one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Potala Palace is internationally protected for its unique architectural art, religious significance, and its importance in Tibetan culture and history. Due to its location and structure, the Potala Palace is an immovable heritage site, meaning that it is closely associated with its location and cannot be relocated. The palace and the artefacts, artefacts, murals and libraries it contains are part of its cultural heritage and together they tell the story of the history and spiritual life of Tibet and its people.
Located in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region of China, the Potala Palace is a palace complex of great historical, religious and cultural value. It was built in the 7th century A.D. and has been expanded over the years to become the winter palace of the Tibetan king and an important centre of Buddhism in Tibet. The Potala Palace is not only the most famous landmark and tourist attraction in Tibet, but also an important place for religious activities. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the protection and conservation of the Potala Palace meets the requirements of SDG 11.4, which is to strengthen the protection and conservation of global cultural and natural heritage. The conservation of the Potala Palace concerns not only the building itself and the artefacts contained therein, but also its historical documents and the cultural activities associated with it, which are important components of cultural heritage.
Botswana ceramics are generally made by women in the Katelen district of southeastern Botswana, figure1 shows some of the classic ceramics(. The process of making pottery usually involves female potters designing and making pottery using natural materials such as clay, iron oxide, cow dung, grass and water. The pottery-making skills of the Kgatleng District of Botswana were inscribed on Urgent Safeguarding List on December 4, 2022. Pottery making in Botswana is important to human civilization and the diversity of world cultures. Jars were once an indispensable item in local life. In addition to being used as storage and cooking containers, the pottery was also used for ancestral rituals and traditional healing ceremonies. The shapes, design styles, and uses of pottery reflect the daily lives of the people in the community, local traditional rituals, and regional religious beliefs
Architectural setting for pyayers for the dead in later Medieval Scotland.
Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley
Prehistoric cave painting from the Lascaux cave within the Prehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley
The Primavera is a tempera painting created by Sandro Botticelli in 1482. It is one of the most representative artwork of the Italian Renaissance and symbol of the prosperity of Florence during the Medici rule. It is one of the most popular paintings of the Western World. Along with the Birth of Venus, the Primavera succeeds in demonstrating the expertise of Botticelli in the use of colour, lines and shaded forms. The meaning of the Primavera is still unknown. However, art experts have attempted at guessing it. Originally, the painting was created in the honour of the wedding of Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco, Lorenzo de Medici's cousin. Nevertheless, the painting is not only a mere celebration of a wedding as it is demonstrated by the presence of numerous allegories and metaphor that link to the Greek and Roman mythology. For example, two Roman gods, Venus and Mercury, are depicted. This painting succeeds in showing Botticelli's great knowledge of classical literature and philosophy.
The Primavera is a tempera painting created by Sandro Botticelli in 1482. It is one of the most representative artwork of the Italian Renaissance and symbol of the prosperity of Florence during the Medici rule. It is one of the most popular paintings of the Western World. Along with the Birth of Venus, the Primavera succeeds in demonstrating the expertise of Botticelli in the use of colour, lines and shaded forms. The meaning of the Primavera is still unknown. However, art experts have attempted at guessing it. Originally, the painting was created in the honour of the wedding of Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco, Lorenzo de Medici's cousin. Art experts believe that the painting is not only a mere celebration of the wedding, even though the Medici family is depicted, but it is an acknowledgement of Sandro Botticelli's vast knowledge of the Greek and Roman mythology, classic literature and philosophy. For example, Venus and Mercury, two Roman gods, are depicted.
A variation of the Royal Stuart tartan. Tartan of the trews worn by the 72nd Regiment, Duke of Albany's Own Highlanders, 1823-1881.
Prince Gong Mansion is a first-class museum of guogaijia in China and a national AAAAAA tourist attraction. It is the largest palace complex in the Qing Dynasty, and its predecessor was the residence of Heshen, an official of the Qianlong Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty, and the residence of Yonglin, brother of Emperor Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. As the mansions of the princes of the Qing Dynasty, Prince Gong Mansion has neat architectural layout, excellent craftsmanship and staggered pavilions, which fully reflects the magnificent and rich style of the royal family and the simple and elegant charm of the folk Qing Dynasty. Prince Gong Mansion composed by mansion and garden two parts, north and south grow about 330 meters, thing width more than 180 meters, cover an area of an area of about 61120 square meter, among them mansion covers an area of 32260 square meter, the garden covers an area of 28860 square meter.
Audio recording of Prof Micheal Brown (University of St Andrews) Subject: Prior John Bissett of St Andrews Cathedral
Part of the CUPIDO project. This is a collaboration between the Highlanders Museum, based within Fort George near Inverness, and the School of Computer Science at the University of St Andrews. CUPIDO (Culture power to inspire development in rural areas) is a cultural heritage project funded through the Interreg North Sea Region programme. Its overarching aim is to support social and economic development opportunities within the cultural sector – aiming to contribute towards creating vibrant, sustainable rural communities that attract people to live, work and visit. It’s also designed to help project partners share resources, knowledge and expertise to explore new business models, helping bring about economic benefits within the sector. The project runs from 2019 – 2022.
Protective Town of San Miguel and the Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco
The Protective Town of San Miguel de Allende and the Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco represent exceptional examples of 18th-century Mexican Baroque architecture and cultural fusion. Established in the 16th century along the Royal Route, San Miguel reached its zenith in the 18th century when its distinctive religious and civic buildings were constructed. Located 14 kilometers from the town, the Jesuit sanctuary of Atotonilco showcases remarkable Baroque art including oil paintings by Rodriguez Juárez and murals by Miguel Antonio Martínez de Pocasangre. The site embodies the cultural exchange between European and Latin American traditions, particularly reflecting the influence of Saint Ignacio de Loyola's doctrine. The architectural ensemble demonstrates the transition from Baroque to neoclassical styles while preserving the colonial urban layout. Today, this UNESCO World Heritage Site continues to serve as a living example of Spanish colonial influence and Mexican cultural identity.