{"id":3290,"date":"2024-05-07T00:36:50","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T00:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.openvirtualworlds.org\/worldheritage2024\/?page_id=3290"},"modified":"2024-05-07T17:13:43","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T17:13:43","slug":"oracle-bone-inscription","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stage.openvirtualworlds.org\/worldheritage2024\/oracle-bone-inscription\/","title":{"rendered":"Oracle Bone Inscription"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Oracle Bone Inscription<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The oldest attested form of written Chinese<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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What is it?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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An oracle bone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Oracle bone inscription<\/strong> is the oldest attested form of written Chinese, dating to the late 2nd millennium BC. Inscriptions were made by carving characters into oracle bones, usually either the shoulder bones of oxen or the plastra of turtles. The writings themselves mainly record the results of official divinations carried out on behalf of the ruling Shang dynasty royal family. These divinations took the form of scapulimancy where the oracle bones were exposed to flames, creating patterns of cracks that were then subjected to interpretation. Both the prompt and interpretation were inscribed on the same piece of bone that had been used for the divination itself.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Evolution of Chinese Characters<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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The evolution of Chinese characters has a long and profound history. Early forms like Oracle Bone Script and Bronze Inscriptions were the earliest recording styles, using simple drawings and pictographs to document rituals and divination in ancient times. With the unification of China during the Qin Dynasty, Small Seal Script emerged as a standardized script, incorporating more semantic and phonetic elements.

During the Han Dynasty, Clerical Script became the mainstream script, with its strict character forms and smooth strokes laying the foundation for later calligraphy styles. Subsequently, Regular Script, derived from Clerical Script, developed during the late Han to Wei-Jin periods and became one of the mainstream script styles. Its standardized character forms and neat strokes demonstrate the mature calligraphic techniques and diverse script styles of Chinese characters.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Where and how was it found?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Out of an estimated 150,000 inscriptions that have been uncovered, the vast majority were unearthed at Yinxu, the site of the final Shang capital (modern-day Anyang, Henan). Yinxu is well known for its oracle bones, which were first recognized as containing ancient Chinese writing in 1899 by Wang Yirong, director of the Imperial Academy. One account of Wang’s discovery was that he was suffering from malaria at the time and was prescribed Longgu (dragon bones) at a traditional Chinese pharmacy. He noticed strange carvings on these bones and concluded that these could be samples of an ancient form of Chinese writing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Oracle bones are seen in a pit at the Yinxu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Display of the excavation at the Yinxu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Burial pit at Tomb of Lady Fu Hao<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Why it matters?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Oracle bone inscription is one of the oldest known characters in the world, and its formation and development have experienced a long historical process. The discovery of oracle bone inscriptions is of great significance to the study of ancient Chinese history, writing, culture and other fields. It is not only an important stage in the development of Chinese writing, but also provides valuable materials for the evolution of writing in later generations. In addition, oracle bone inscriptions, as hieroglyphs, are of great help to people in learning and understanding Chinese.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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So……<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
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