Papyrus

Papyrus

Intangible Heritage

Papyrus manufacturing techniques were lost a long time ago. The earliest use of papyrus dates back to 3000 BC; it was widely used before 8th century. In Europe, papyrus was gradually replaced by more durable kraft and parchment paper. Later, the Arabs spread the techniques of paper making from the East to the Mediterranean, papyrus was thus replaced by papers and its manufacturing method died out. As the climate gradually changed, the wild sedges gradually disappeared in the Nile Valley. It wasn't until 1962 that an Egyptian engineer, Hassan Ragab, restored the technique for making papyrus, using the papyrus that had been brought back to Egypt from France in 1872. Today, papyrus is mostly sold as handicrafts. Papyrus has extraordinary significance in ancient Egyptian culture. The ancient Egyptians believed that after death the souls of those who were judged could reach the heavenly land - Sekhet-Aaru, the "Field of Reeds”. The dead must be buried with the Book of the Dead, which was made of papyrus, as a guide to the afterlife. Today, due to climate change and the completion of the Aswan Dam, it's hard to see papyrus growing all over the Nile Valley again. Papyrus manufacturing techniques and existing papyrus documents are also in urgent need of protection. Several digital museums of papyrus documents have been created, like Turin Papyrus Online Platform (TPOP). In addition, the Egyptian government has taken steps to add papyrus production to the United Nations list of Intangible Cultural Heritage.

jl384

is51102023

17/04/23

jl384

English

Intangible

629

17/04/2023

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus

cm x cm x cm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus

current,30.030791247173767,31.236267071217302;

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus

TEXT

Papyrus was first manufactured in Egypt as far back as the fourth millennium BCE. The earliest archaeological evidence of papyrus was excavated in 2012 and 2013 at Wadi al-Jarf, an ancient Egyptian harbor located on the Red Sea coast.

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